Choosing the right paving material for your driveway, road, or parking lot is a crucial decision that impacts both aesthetics and longevity. Two popular options are tar and chip and asphalt. While both are cost-effective solutions, they differ significantly in their composition, application, maintenance requirements, and overall lifespan. This comprehensive guide will explore the key differences between tar and chip and asphalt, helping you make an informed decision based on your specific needs and budget.
What is Tar and Chip?
Tar and chip, also known as chip seal, is a cost-effective surface treatment primarily used for low-traffic roads and driveways. It involves applying a layer of liquid asphalt (the "tar") followed by an application of small stones ("chips"). The stones are embedded in the hot asphalt, creating a textured, durable surface. This method is less expensive than traditional asphalt paving because it uses less material.
What is Asphalt?
Asphalt, also known as asphalt concrete, is a more sophisticated paving material composed of aggregates (rocks, sand, and gravel) bound together by asphalt cement. This mixture is heated and laid down in a smooth, continuous layer, creating a more polished and durable surface than tar and chip. Asphalt is suitable for high-traffic areas and provides a longer lifespan than tar and chip.
Tar and Chip vs. Asphalt: A Detailed Comparison
Here's a breakdown of the key differences to help you decide which is best for your project:
Cost:
- Tar and Chip: Significantly cheaper than asphalt paving due to the lower material usage and simpler application process.
- Asphalt: More expensive due to higher material costs, specialized equipment, and more complex installation.
Durability:
- Tar and Chip: Less durable than asphalt. It's susceptible to cracking and requires more frequent maintenance, including resealing every few years. Its lifespan is typically shorter, ranging from 3-5 years.
- Asphalt: More durable and longer-lasting than tar and chip. With proper installation and maintenance, it can last 15-20 years or more. It's more resistant to cracking and weathering.
Appearance:
- Tar and Chip: Features a textured, somewhat rough surface with exposed stone chips. The appearance is rustic and less polished.
- Asphalt: Provides a smooth, uniform, and more aesthetically pleasing surface.
Maintenance:
- Tar and Chip: Requires more frequent maintenance, including resealing every few years to prevent the stones from loosening and the asphalt from degrading.
- Asphalt: Requires less frequent maintenance but may need patching or sealcoating periodically to extend its lifespan.
Application:
- Tar and Chip: Relatively simple and quick application process.
- Asphalt: More complex application requiring specialized equipment and skilled labor.
Traffic:
- Tar and Chip: Suitable for low-traffic areas like residential driveways or lightly used roads.
- Asphalt: Ideal for high-traffic areas such as parking lots, main roads, and heavily used driveways.
Environmental Impact:
Both tar and chip and asphalt have environmental considerations. Asphalt production requires energy, and both materials contain petroleum-based components. However, advancements in sustainable asphalt mixes are minimizing the environmental footprint.
Which is Right for You?
The best choice between tar and chip and asphalt depends largely on your budget, the amount of traffic the surface will endure, and your aesthetic preferences.
- Choose Tar and Chip if: You need a low-cost, temporary solution for a low-traffic area, and a rustic look is acceptable.
- Choose Asphalt if: You require a durable, long-lasting surface for a high-traffic area and prioritize a smooth, polished appearance.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How long does tar and chip last?
Tar and chip typically lasts 3-5 years before requiring resealing or replacement. This lifespan can vary based on weather conditions and traffic volume.
Is tar and chip good for driveways?
Tar and chip can be suitable for low-traffic residential driveways, but for high-traffic or heavily used driveways, asphalt is a better option due to its increased durability.
Can you put asphalt over tar and chip?
While possible, putting asphalt over tar and chip isn't always recommended. The existing tar and chip surface needs to be properly prepared, and the added layer of asphalt may not adhere perfectly, leading to potential issues down the line. It is best to consult a paving professional to determine feasibility.
What's the difference between asphalt and bitumen?
Asphalt is a mixture of aggregates (stones, sand, gravel) bound together by bitumen, which is a viscous black petroleum product. Bitumen is one component within the asphalt mix.
This comprehensive guide offers a detailed comparison of tar and chip versus asphalt, enabling you to choose the most suitable paving solution for your project. Remember to always consult with paving professionals for site-specific recommendations and accurate cost estimations.
