It Takes 72 Muscles to Frown: Fact or Fiction? The Science of Facial Expressions
The popular saying, "It takes 72 muscles to frown, but only 14 to smile," is a common adage often used to encourage positivity. However, the truth is a little more nuanced, and the numbers themselves are demonstrably incorrect. This article will delve into the actual science behind facial expressions, exploring the muscles involved in smiling and frowning, and debunking the myth surrounding the 72-muscle frown.
How Many Muscles Are Actually Involved in Smiling and Frowning?
The number 72 for frowning and 14 for smiling are significantly inflated. While there's no single definitive count, the actual number of muscles involved in these expressions is far lower. The face is a complex network of interconnected muscles, and the precise number engaged depends on the intensity and type of expression.
Smiling primarily involves muscles around the mouth and eyes. The zygomaticus major, responsible for raising the corners of the mouth, is a key player. Other muscles contribute to a full smile, including the orbicularis oculi (around the eyes, creating crow's feet), but the total number is nowhere near 14. A more realistic estimate would be closer to 17 muscles, incorporating subtle variations in expression.
Frowning is similarly more complex than the myth suggests. The corrugator supercilii, located between the eyebrows, plays a major role in drawing the brows together and downward. The procerus muscle, situated on the bridge of the nose, also contributes to frowning by wrinkling the skin between the brows. Other muscles around the eyes and forehead may also be involved, depending on the intensity of the frown. However, 72 is a gross exaggeration; a more accurate estimate would likely be under 20 muscles.
Why Does the Myth Persist?
The appeal of the "72 muscles to frown" quote lies in its memorable and impactful nature. It’s a catchy phrase that effectively conveys the message of the relative effort involved in negative versus positive emotions. While the numbers are incorrect, the underlying message about the energy expenditure and emotional impact of negativity versus positivity remains relevant.
What are the Benefits of Smiling?
Beyond the inaccurate muscle count, the real takeaway is the importance of smiling. Smiling has numerous proven benefits:
- Reduces Stress: The act of smiling can trigger the release of endorphins, which have mood-boosting and stress-reducing effects.
- Improves Mood: Smiling, even if forced, can lift your spirits and improve your overall emotional state.
- Boosts the Immune System: Some studies suggest a correlation between smiling and a strengthened immune system.
- Enhances Social Interactions: Smiling makes you appear more approachable and friendly, fostering better relationships.
What's the Takeaway?
While the quote "It takes 72 muscles to frown, but only 14 to smile" is a memorable exaggeration, its core message highlights the importance of positivity and the effort involved in maintaining a positive outlook. While the precise muscle count is less significant, the benefits of smiling are well-documented and scientifically supported. So, smile more often – it's simpler than you might think and has a multitude of benefits for your physical and mental well-being.
